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The wavelength of ultraviolet light is between visible light and X-ray. Its wavelength range is 10 to 400 nm. However, many optoelectronic manufacturers believe that the wavelength of 430 nm is also ultraviolet. Although many ultraviolet rays are not seen by the human eye, they are still named for producing a partially violet visible spectrum, and UV LEDs have made great progress in the past few years. This is not only the result of advances in the production of solid-state UV devices, but also the increased demand for environmentally friendly UV lamps.
The current UV LED supply on the optoelectronics market ranges from 265 to 420 nm in a variety of package formats such as perforation, surface mount and COB. UV LED generators have a variety of unique applications, however, each generator is independent in wavelength and output power. In general, UV light used on LEDs can be divided into three areas. They are defined as UV-A (long-wave ultraviolet), UV-B (medium-wave ultraviolet) and U VC (short-wave ultraviolet) (see Figure 2).
Full application
UV A-type devices have been in production since 1990. These LEDs are typically used in counterfeit detection or verification (currency, driver's license or documents, etc.). The power output requirements of these applications are very low, and the actual wavelength range used is between 390 and 420 nm, and lower wavelength products are not suitable for applications. Because these LEDs have a long life cycle and are easy to manufacture on the market, they can be used as a variety of light sources and the cheapest UV products.
The field of UVA LED components has grown tremendously over the past few years. Most of this wavelength range (about 350 to 390 nm) is used in the production of commercial and industrial materials such as UV curing of adhesives, coatings and inks. LED lamps have greater advantages than traditional curing technologies, such as mercury or fluorescent lamps, due to increased efficiency, reduced cost, and system miniaturization. Therefore, the supply chain is constantly pushing the use of LED technology, making the trend of curing with LEDs more and more obvious. Although the product cost in this wavelength range is significantly higher than in the UV A zone, rapid advances in manufacturing technology and a steady increase in production are gradually reducing prices.
Lower UV A and higher UV B wavelength ranges (about 300-350 nm) are the only recently commercialized areas. These devices with great potential are suitable for a variety of applications, including UV curing, biomedical, DNA analysis, and various types of sensing. There is a significant overlap in the three UV spectral ranges. Therefore, when choosing, not only what is the most suitable application, but also what is the most cost-effective solution. Because lower wavelengths usually mean higher LED costs.
The UV B and UV C wavelength ranges (about 250 to 300 nm) are an area that is still largely in its infancy. However, the enthusiasm and demand for applying such products to air and water purification systems is very strong. Only a few companies currently have the ability to produce UV LEDs in this wavelength range, and a few companies can produce products with sufficient life, reliability and performance characteristics. Therefore, the cost of UVC/B devices is still high and difficult to use in some applications. However, the first commercial UVC LED disinfection system was launched in 2012, which will help drive the market forward.
Protect
A common question about UV LEDs is: Will they pose a safety hazard? As mentioned above, there are many levels of UV light. One of the most common sources of ultraviolet light is the black light bulb. The product has been in use for decades and is used to produce luminescent or fluorescent effects for posters, as well as for painting and currency verification. The light produced by these bulbs is typically in the UV A spectrum, closest to the visible wavelength and has a lower energy. Although high exposure has been shown to be associated with skin cancer and other potential problems, such as accelerated skin aging, this part of the UVA spectrum is the safest of the three UV light. Light-emitting diodes (as opposed to standard incandescent or fluorescent-type bulbs) are also highly directional and have a very narrow viewing angle. Looking directly at the UV LED can damage the eyes. Therefore, it is best for the user to avoid exposure to UVA products.
UV C and most UV B light are mainly used for sterilization and disinfection. Light at these wavelengths is not only harmful to microorganisms, but also to humans and other life forms if it comes into contact with it. These LED lights should always be shielded and must never be viewed with the naked eye, even if it emits very little. Exposure to light at these wavelengths may result in skin cancer and temporary or permanent loss or impairment of vision.
All UV devices should have a warning label. In addition, before purchasing UV C or UV B UV lamps, many manufacturers require each customer to sign a document stating that they understand and agree to the use and handling of these products.
An Outdoor CPE (Customer Premises Equipment) is a client device used in outdoor environments, typically for wireless network connectivity. It is a device used to transmit Internet signals from a service provider to the user's location.
Outdoor CPE is commonly used to provide broadband access services, especially in remote areas or places without traditional wired network coverage. It can transmit an Internet connection via wireless signals to the building or area where the user is located. Outdoor CPE is typically a highly protected and durable device designed to handle harsh weather conditions in an outdoor environment.
Outdoor Cpes typically include the following main components:
1. Antenna: Outdoor CPE is usually equipped with a high-gain antenna for receiving and sending wireless signals. These antennas can be designed for different frequency bands and wireless standards.
2. Wireless module: Outdoor CPE usually includes a wireless module to handle the transmission and reception of wireless signals. This module usually supports different wireless standards such as Wi-Fi, LTE, 4G, etc.
3. Router function: Outdoor CPE usually has the function of a router, which can distribute the Internet connection to the device where the user is. It can provide IP address allocation, port forwarding, network security and other functions in the local area network.
4. Power supply and battery: Since Outdoor CPE is usually used in outdoor environments, it usually requires a reliable power supply. Some Outdoor Cpes are also equipped with batteries to provide continuous Internet connectivity in the event of a power outage.
The main features and advantages of Outdoor CPE are as follows:
1. High-speed broadband access: Outdoor CPE can provide high-speed broadband access services through wireless signals, so that users can enjoy high-speed Internet connections in places without traditional wired network coverage.
2. Flexibility: Since Outdoor CPE is a wireless connection, it can be used in different locations and environments. Users can place the Outdoor CPE in the best position as needed for optimal signal coverage and performance.
3. Simple installation: Outdoor CPE usually has a simple installation process, and users only need to place the device outdoors and make some basic Settings to start using the Internet connection.
4. Strong anti-interference ability: Outdoor CPE usually has strong anti-interference ability and can provide stable Internet connection under harsh environmental conditions. It can cope with various sources of interference, such as electromagnetic interference, weather conditions and so on.
5. High reliability: Outdoor CPE usually has a high degree of reliability and durability, and can be operated for a long time in a variety of outdoor environments. It usually has waterproof, dustproof, lightning-proof and other functions to cope with different weather conditions.
Outdoor CPE is widely used in a variety of scenarios, especially in rural areas, mountains, islands and other places without traditional cable network coverage. It can provide high-speed broadband access services to residents and enterprises in these areas, helping them to enjoy the convenience of the Internet.
In summary, the Outdoor CPE is a client device for outdoor environments to provide high-speed broadband access services via wireless signals. It is highly reliable, flexible and anti-jamming, and can provide a stable Internet connection in a variety of outdoor environments. It plays an important role in providing broadband access services, especially in places without traditional wired network coverage.
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