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introduction
The rubber waterstop is made of natural rubber and various synthetic rubbers. It is blended with various additives and fillers. It is plasticized, kneaded and pressed. It has many varieties and specifications, such as bridge type and mountain type. P type, R type, U type, Z type, B type, T type, H type, E type, Q type, and the like. The water-stopping material has good elasticity, wear resistance, aging resistance and tear resistance, and is suitable for deformation and water resistance. The water stop has the function of sealing water and waterproofing. It utilizes the characteristics of high elasticity and compression deformation of rubber to produce elastic deformation under various loads, thereby effectively sealing and sealing, preventing water leakage, water seepage and shock absorption buffer of building structure. Function, the water stop belt is mainly used for the foundation engineering which is integrated with the concrete structure in the construction joint and the deformation joint when the concrete is poured, such as underground facilities, tunnel culverts, water transfer aqueducts, water dams, liquid storage structures, etc. Waterstops are widely used, and accurate detection is an important means to ensure their quality. This paper introduces the accurate detection of the thickness of the waterstop.
1, water stop thickness
The thickness of the water stop belt, the larger the displacement when the water stop belt moves and the greater the thickness, the greater the total tensile stress (shear force) on the water stop belt. The corresponding force acting on the raft is also greater. Therefore, starting from the force situation, the water stop should not be too thick. Some foreign materials indicate that the thickness of the waterstop can be 5mm. However, starting from the water pressure condition, the water stop belt should not be too thin when the water pressure is large. Reporting the existing test data in China, the 7mm thick plastic waterstop can withstand water pressure up to 0.4MPa. The water depth of general water storage structures does not exceed 10m. Therefore, the thickness of the waterstop used on these buildings is preferably 6 mm. If it is used on a low-pressure pipe and the required internal pressure is 0.4 MPa, the thickness is preferably 8 mm. The thickness of the waterstop is very important, so how to achieve real-time and high-precision detection of the thickness of the waterstop will be one of the key issues. The water stop thickness measurement system described in this paper can realize on-line detection of various sizes of water stop tape thickness.
2. Several forms of detectable waterstops
Above we introduced the water stop belt with a variety of specifications, including bridge type, mountain type, P type, R type, U type, Z type, B type, T type, H type, E type, Q type, etc. Several types of water stop gauges that can be detected by laser thickness gauges.
The above figure shows the cross-section of several types of waterstops, and the laser thickness gauge can detect the dimensions of the thickness directions of δ, H1, H2, t, etc. shown above. The laser thickness gauge can realize the automatic detection of its size according to the processing calculation of the system, etc. It is very convenient to use. The thickness detection of the water stop strip with the width range of 250-450mm and the thickness of 4-50mm is introduced below.
3. Specific testing requirements
The rubber water stop belt is operated online at a speed of 1 to 3.5 m/min.
The surface temperature of the product to be tested is 120 to 180 °C.
Three measuring points are fixed-point or scanning, the detection accuracy is ±0.1mm, and the spacing of the three measuring points can be adjusted.
The device has a data display function that can display measurement data of three points, and the thickness dimension corresponding to the width direction dimension can be displayed during scanning measurement.
A water stop sectional view (a non-automatically generated preset graphic) is drawn on the software interface, and a dimensional fluctuation curve is displayed corresponding to the graphic position when scanning the measurement.
The device has the function of transferring data to other computers, and reserves the upload interface.
The data has a storage function and the storage time is more than one year. Data can be exported to a storage device.
The device can receive the cut-off signal of the water stop tape (cut off after the detection device), and the stored file is stored in a fixed length according to the cut water stop tape.
The lower part of the equipment has wheels, which can be manually moved up and down. After the line is up, the position is fixed by the brakes.
The device has a large LCD display that can be displayed synchronously with the main control display.
The color of the device is close to the color of the white and blue devices on site.
4, the principle of measurement
In the figure, the laser probe 1 and the laser probe 2 are arranged at a fixed pitch A. During operation, the laser probe 1 emits a laser beam to illuminate the lower surface of the object to be tested, and the diffuse reflection light of the lower surface spot is returned to the laser probe 1 On the CMOS or CCD chip, the actual distance B1 of the laser probe 1 to the lower surface of the measured object can be obtained by analyzing and calculating the position of the spot on the CMOS or CCD chip; similarly, the laser probe 2 can be obtained to be measured. The distance B2 from the upper surface of the object. The thickness H of the measured object can be obtained by subtracting the distances B1 and B2 between the two probes to the upper and lower surfaces of the object by the distance A between the two probes.
5, measurement form
The measurement of the waterstop can be measured by three points of measurement or by scanning.
(1) Scan measurement
Within the range measured by the rolled material, the probe is scanned in a reciprocating operation to achieve lateral coverage measurement, and the thickness of multiple points can be collected in a single turn. The water stop thickness gauge measures a frequency of 100 Hz, and the water stop belt thickness measurement system simultaneously scans the three sets of probes.
Through the driving of the servo motor, the probe is automatically reciprocated, the thickness of the water stop tape is collected, and the measurement data is displayed on the display screen in real time, and the data is simultaneously stored.
(2) Three measurement points fixed point measurement
It is fixed at any three points in the rolled material and measured for a long time. The spacing between the three measuring points can be adjusted and used flexibly.
The figure above shows the setting of the laser probe inside the thickness gauge. The lower probe of the thickness gauge is arranged in the same way as the upper probe, so only the structure name of the upper probe part is indicated in the figure. In the figure, three laser probes are respectively mounted on the three sliders of the linear guide through the probe bracket, and the probe bracket is connected with the silk mother of the three sets of ball screw pairs. When the servo motor drives the ball screw to rotate, the pitch adjustment and scanning action of the three probes can be realized.
Conclusion
The laser thickness gauge can perform on-line thickness detection on the waterstop, and its measurement accuracy is high, it can reach 0.1mm, and it is online non-contact detection, which can automatically detect the thickness information of each part of the waterstop. The thickness detection and quality improvement of the water belt have brought great convenience.
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