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In May 1997, IBM's supercomputer "Deep Blue" defeated chess master Castrov, which became the focus of the world, and artificial intelligence became a household name.
20 years later, in May 2017, the upgraded version of AlphaGO won the game without any suspense in the battle with the world's number one Go, Ke Jie. In this "Ferrari car and Olympic champion Bolt" style, AlphaGO is like the hand of God, making humans irretrievably defeated. Artificial intelligence is already involved in rewriting the history of mankind.
Demis Hassabis, the father of AlphaGO and founder of Deep Mind, said in an interview with the Financial Times earlier: "The operation of the human brain can be computerized. In other words, human The brain is a computer that can be recreated."
With the mission of "solving the mystery of human wisdom", Hasabis and his founding Deep Mind have become the world's hottest representatives of artificial intelligence and unicorns, including the famous Silicon Valley investor Peter Tiel. Li Ka-shing, Asia's richest man, is his initial investor, and Google is paying a premium when Deep Mind has not yet launched any products.
In an era when everyone talks about artificial intelligence, how should we correctly understand artificial intelligence, such as cutting-edge technology that penetrates deeply into our lives? What impact and changes will AlphaGO's deep learning and neural network technology have on the entire human society? What role does capital and investors have in the field of artificial intelligence? Where are the Chinese version of Deep Mind and artificial intelligence unicorn? Will consumption upgrade be the next opportunity for artificial intelligence? With these questions, the reporter interviewed Liu Wei, the founder of Yanting Capital.
In 2015, Liu Wei established an investment fund focused on artificial intelligence, consumption upgrading and cultural entertainment – ​​Yuting Capital. He has more than ten years of professional experience in financial services and equity investment. Since 2016, Yanting Capital has invested in several star companies in the fields of artificial intelligence, such as Emotech, Yunshang Technology, Shuiyan Technology and Benelux. Liu Wei has rich investment cases and insights in the field of artificial intelligence investment.
Reporter: When did you start to pay attention to artificial intelligence? Why pay attention?
Liu Wei: In 2013, the sci-fi romance "Her" written and directed by Spike Jonze triggered various reveries about the way human-computer interactions in the future. Since then, I have been paying attention to the AI ​​field. Later, the release of Ex Machina and the series of industry events such as the AlphaGo man-machine war made the artificial intelligence get unprecedented attention from the whole society, and I am more and more convinced that the future of the artificial intelligence era is in sight.
Reporter: Do you understand the same artificial intelligence as the popular "artificial intelligence" concept on the market today? If it is different, what are the main aspects?
Liu Wei: My understanding of artificial intelligence should be: a technology with learning ability created by human beings, which can be applied in various fields and help humans improve production efficiency and improve living standards.
In the near future, artificial intelligence should let the machine tools created by human beings understand self-learning. Now the mainstream technology path is to let the machine recognize different scene modules, and put the developed modules in new scenes. Debugging and re-developing new adaptation modules. This is the most popular topic in the market recently, "machine learning." In this process, the machine also learns to use a human-like way of thinking, prioritize screening some adaptation modules to improve learning efficiency.
Artificial intelligence should be a very broad field and difficult to define with a single concept. Currently popular speech recognition, image recognition, etc. are all types of artificial intelligence technology. In recent years, there have been many “artificial intelligence†startups in the market. Although they are all related to some technologies in the field of artificial intelligence, there are not many companies that can truly achieve the “machine learning†ability in China. The premise of this capability requires a large amount of hardware investment, and the optimization of software and algorithms also requires strong R&D capabilities and capital investment. To undertake high R&D investment, it is still difficult for many domestic startups.
Reporter: The breakthroughs and applications of deep learning and neural network technology have made the field of artificial intelligence become very popular in 2017. In which areas do you think these technologies will bring us surprise changes?
Liu Wei: Li Shishi and AlphaGo's "human-machine war" made the public see for the first time the challenges and changes in the daily life of artificial intelligence. Google’s recently announced “mobile first to AI first†strategy once again demonstrates its determination to focus on the field of artificial intelligence in the future. Some basic artificial intelligence technologies have been applied in our lives, such as speech recognition, face recognition, autopilot, and more. In the future, AI technology should be the simultaneous development of hardware and software. In the hardware field, a more powerful TPU will replace the traditional GPU and CPU, and the powerful performance of the TPU will serve the terminal products through the network through the cloud computing service. In the software arena, Facebook and Google have provided powerful development platforms to developers around the world.
We observe that in the next few years, the starting point for large-scale changes at the application level is the popularization of machine learning, which is the first step for all machines to learn independently through artificially-set models, and all future hardware and software combinations. The first step of the product. I believe that there will be many industrial opportunities derived from machine learning in the future, and new opportunities are often accompanied by traditional innovations. Some consumer-grade artificial intelligence robot devices will first appear in the mass market. Through machine learning, they are likely to change people's living habits to some extent.
Reporter: What breakthroughs can virtual reality (VR/AR) bring to artificial intelligence?
Liu Wei: If you mention artificial intelligence technology and VR technology at the same time, you must talk about Google's Daydream platform. At the recent google I/O conference, Google and HTC, Lenovo and Qualcomm released the latest headset, Daydream VR, and proposed a set of production standards.
Unfortunately, we have not seen a product release that effectively combines VR and artificial intelligence at Google's conference. I think the main reason is that the popularity of VR technology depends greatly on the development of hardware devices, but there are still some difficulties in hardware technology that cannot be broken. High-quality VR technology cannot be applied to mass consumers in a short period of time, and software development is also affected by hardware. Limitation of product popularity. Compared with VR technology, I think AR technology is developing faster in the field of mass consumer. The entry-level AR technology only needs one smartphone, and hardware is no longer a hindrance.
I believe that with the popularity of VR hardware, artificial intelligence technology will certainly make breakthroughs in content display and experience effects with VR technology.
Reporter: What do you think is the biggest opportunity for artificial intelligence?
Liu Wei: The development of artificial intelligence should not be limited to the consumer market, but should also be applied in the industrial field. From the smart assistants that we usually use, to the smart car plan that was released by the OEM in 2020, and the production equipment with machine learning function in the future will replace the labor. Artificial intelligence technology can be said to provide opportunities for the market at different stages, different fields, and different application scenarios. Personally, with the full application of artificial intelligence technology, every opportunity we can foresee brings equal changes to human living habits. In theory, there is no such thing as a chance to grasp more than another opportunity, but a question of which order comes first. . For example, from simple speech recognition, to face and expression recognition, to machines to replace humans to complete part of the work, and finally to the machine to replace most of the labor. The whole process requires scientists, large enterprises, and entrepreneurs to make constant efforts. Every step must be down-to-earth, in order to truly make artificial intelligence technology benefit all human beings.
Popular at this stage are machine learning that can be widely used, intelligent driving in the automotive field, and consumer-grade smart terminal devices. I believe that every AI technology that can help people improve their lives and work efficiency, improve their living habits, and improve their quality of life is worth paying attention to.
Reporter: What preparations should entrepreneurs and industry insiders take before artificial intelligence emerges?
Liu Wei: I think that in this era of innovation, entrepreneurs should insist on pursuing lean, technology, and product details, and have a relatively perfectist attitude. Although the investment is very hot now, there are many "money" in the market. However, if there is no ordinary work, there is no team with strict and efficient management. Even if there is a current heat, it will often be a short-lived one.
When the development of artificial intelligence returns to the essence of value investment, only those companies with real material can stand out and become industry unicorns.
In the field of artificial intelligence, compared with Western countries, China is a latecomer to this industry, and there is still a gap between the overall technical level and the United States, the United Kingdom and other countries. Although from the perspective of objective factors such as R&D capability, number of related companies, and number of patent applications, Western countries have a stronger advantage than China, but China has invested heavily in artificial intelligence in recent years. Fast, these factors have already made China the first echelon.
I hope that Chinese entrepreneurs can do enough technical reserves to influence the world in the future development path, always maintain the first echelon position, and strive to lead the world in the application level of some fields.
Reporter: Some people say that the main battlefield of artificial intelligence is not on the Internet, but can it enable the industry to grow from 0 to 100, or to realize the transformation of the field? What do you think? Is the car one of them?
Liu Wei: The application of artificial intelligence technology is not only on the Internet, but the realization of this technology must be realized through the Internet as a carrier. At present, the performance of the chip is subject to the production process, and the manufacturing cost of the high-end chip cannot be effectively reduced, so that the TPU, which is designed for the artificial intelligence technology, can only use the Internet as a channel, and more devices and software are required. Provide computing power. I personally think that artificial intelligence technology is widely used in industries that use this technology to greatly improve production efficiency, reduce costs, or improve people's work and living habits. This range is very wide.
The combination of automotive and artificial intelligence technology has been a hot topic in recent years. ADAS and automatic intelligent driving are the focus of attention. The brand vehicles have announced the launch of L4-class self-driving cars in 2020, but we also see that all brands do not disclose their technical solutions, which adds suspense to the market and also raises the concern. If the L4 level of automatic driving is regarded as a system engineering, the final decision of the system must be the learning ability of artificial intelligence technology. Only by collecting a large amount of data in the continuous road test, letting the whole system learn different road conditions autonomously and improving the system response ability is the biggest function of artificial intelligence technology in the automobile field.
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